wuq(wuq空调遥控与什么通用)

wuq，wuq空调遥控与什么通用？

同品牌不一定通用，只有用了一样遥控器的型号才会通用，但是厂家的生产批次不同，也不一定用哪家的遥控器。

wuq空调有红外吗？

现在基本上遥控都使用的是红外遥控

电工证怎么考？

电工证是学习安装电工和维修电工讲解考取的证书。电工有四证：特种作业操作证、职业资格证书、建筑施工特种操作资格证和电工进网作业许可证（已取消），故只介绍前三种。

电工证分类

1、特种作业操作证：俗称 操作证、上岗证，分高压和低压两种。

2、职业资格证书：从事职业：电工（俗称 等级证），分类：为五个等级：初级（五级）、中级（四级）、高级（三级）三级。

3、建筑施工特种操作资格证：是指在房屋建筑和市政工程施工活动中，从事可能对本人、他人及周围设备设施的安全造成重大危害作业的人员应该考取的证书。

报考条件

特种作业证

①年满18周岁且符合相关工种规定的年龄要求；

②经医院体检合格且无妨碍从事相应特种作业的疾病和生理缺陷；

③初中及以上学历；

④符合相应特种作业需要的其他条件；

⑤取得电工操作资格证（上岗证）。

职业资格证书

一．初级职业资格证书报考条件：

1．18周岁以上，55周岁以下；

2．身体健康，无癫痫、精神病、心脏病、突发性昏厥、色盲等妨碍电工作业的疾病及生理缺陷；

3．具备此工种的上岗操作证书（只针对某些工种才需要此条件）。

二．中级职业资格证书报考条件：（以下条件满足一项即可）

1．具备同工种的上岗操作证（只针对某些工种才需要此条件）；

2．具备同工种的初级证书。

3.一代电工高低压特种作业操作证样本(3张)

三．高级职业资格证书报考条件：

1．具备同一工种的上岗操作证（只针对某些工种才需要此条件）；

2．具备同一工种的中级证书。

建筑施工特种操作资格证

根据《建设工程安全生产管理条例》第二十五条规定，从2008年11月1日起，凡在我国房屋和市政基础设施工程中从事建筑施工特种作业的人员，均应经过专门的安全作业培训考核，并取得省级以上建设行政主管部门核发的特种作业操作资格证书后，方可上岗作业，也就是在建筑工地做电工的，考建筑电工证。

考试相关

报考时间

特种作业证：参加特种作业操作资格考试的人员，应当填写考试申请表，由申请人或者申请人的用人单位持学历证明或者培训机构出具的培训证明向申请人户籍所在地或者从业所在地的考核发证机关或其委托的单位提出申请。考核发证机关或其委托的单位收到申请后，应当在60日内组织考试。

职业资格证书：三级、四级、五级电工证每个月二十号之前申报，次月中旬左右考试；一级、二级电工证为1、3、5、7、9、11月考试(提前一个月进行申报），申报机构为中华任命共和国应急管理部，线上申请。

建筑施工特种操作资格证：每个月中旬。

考试时间

所有电工证考试原则上固定在每个月第三周周末或每个月第四周周末。（一般每个月都会有电工证的考试，部分地区报考人员比较少，可能会合并考试，报名后根据报名人数的多少来灵活安排考试。)

科目介绍

理论考试：选择题

实操考试：基本电工用具操作和简述、基本电工接线、安全操作认识以及紧急情况处理

考试形式

机考

合格标准

理论考试：理论考试一共有100道选择题，全部为单选题，答对80题，及格。

实操考试：基本电工用具操作和简述（20分）、基本电工接线（40分）、安全操作认识（20分）、紧急情况处理（20分），四科目总分超过80分为及格

成绩查询

成绩查询和证书领取在在中华任命共和国应急管理部，网址 http://cx.mem.gov.cn/

如何备考

理论考试

理论考试中90%以上考题均为练习题录中原题，题目数量基础较小，难易程度较低，考试只需要将测试题库中700多题，多练习并且加强理解。其次进行错题整理后，最后进行理论考试模拟。

1、如果所考的电工证指“特种作业操作证”（俗称操作证、上岗证），需要的参考书是：《电工基础知识》，该书由中国劳动社会保障出版社出版，作者李凤林。

2、如果所考的电工证指“电工进网作业许可证”（分为低压、高压、特种三个类别），需要的参考书是：《电工进网作业许可考试参考教材》，由国家电力监管委员会电力业务资质管理中心编写组编写，浙江人民出版社出版。

3、如果所考的电工证指“职业资格证”（俗称等级证），需要的参考书是：《国家职业资格培训教材：电工基础（第2版）》，由国家职业资格培训教材编审委员会编写，机械工业出版社出版

实操考试

1、电路基本知识考核

电路基本知识考核部分主要考核电气材料、电气仪表、电气符号、安全用具、标示牌、灭火器材的名称、使用方法、好坏的识别，还会考核一些安全知识。一般是给出试题，需要考生口述回答。问题不会太难，考核的是考生的基础扎不扎实。

2、触电急救考核

电工的工作非常危险，在工作中随时都有触电的可能，所有一般电工作业是两人一组，互相看顾，触电急救也是电工必知的常识。触电急救考核不同地区也有不同标准，有的地区只要考生能口述出急救的步骤、要点和心肺复苏术即可，有的地区却会模拟触电情形，让考生进行模拟人工呼吸和胸外心脏按压操作。

3、线路接线考核

无论是高低压电工考试，前两者就是必考内容，只是在线路接线考核这一块有些微差别。低压电工考核根据线路图接线，而高压电工考核模拟三相线路接线。

但考核也不会太难，只要掌握了单相电能表带照明灯控制电路，互感式三相电表带有电压表、电流表接线点动控制电路，正反转控制电路和点动带自锁控制电路这四种电路，实操考试基本没问题。这个考试主要考核考生识图能力、动手能力、基础线路接线能力、简单电力拖动知识。

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等级证），分类：为五个等级：初级（五级）、中级（四级）、高级（三级）三级。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4a6wCGcmye6oINDw7hxqif"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、建筑施工特种操作资格证：是指在房屋建筑和市政工程施工活动中，从事可能对本人、他人及周围设备设施的安全造成重大危害作业的人员应该考取的证书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwysYgWmuaAQqmUAGpwCmqb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":480,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电工证分类","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/935ae80e29134213861af16fbe90d8ca","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcn4IeUOyw68UWQUvNbyDiu9c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"报考条件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSAWqeS2iWq4moN0F5nCfIe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"特种作业证","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCS0eow4w2gwqwBusLDI9xf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①年满18周岁且符合相关工种规定的年龄要求；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEckoYe4SWeoiiERXjiAmAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②经医院体检合格且无妨碍从事相应特种作业的疾病和生理缺陷；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmAIwqaIumAYOYf4m99sshf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③初中及以上学历；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoEGo8gMkakeI0iNku2d5Od"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"④符合相应特种作业需要的其他条件；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncs868QCsesmQiMZitCbQVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑤取得电工操作资格证（上岗证）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKOyAUaI2WGYqsxfFFbWnBh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":287,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"特种作业证","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0cdb5bbf9e0140d792958f37c3755137","width":880},"text":"","id":"doxcnuqWuQMCqY4CW25lR0Wa2ze"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"职业资格证书","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAaOASSSauCO2mgPJnhGgUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一．初级职业资格证书报考条件：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQYAimOUG2Gg0GOCYfnq8Wh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1．18周岁以上，55周岁以下；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqgkowcA8sAWw4WZvRmhipb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2．身体健康，无癫痫、精神病、心脏病、突发性昏厥、色盲等妨碍电工作业的疾病及生理缺陷；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAyQcEwuIAiE6CWbeAotnWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3．具备此工种的上岗操作证书（只针对某些工种才需要此条件）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCoCosQACCssKSqv4R8Ot5f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"二．中","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"级","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"职业资格证书报考条件：（以下条件满足一项即可）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6s6omQe8mUkcGoTfzUVr9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1．具备同工种的上岗操作证（只针对某些工种才需要此条件）；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnECeomU8QwGqe0IEvkXMCFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2．具备同工种的初级证书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneIwmGY2MOGq2cjJKUCoFdb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3.一代电工高低压特种作业操作证样本(3张)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncCA4CE02OACOCs8s8as1Fd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三．高级职业资格证书报考条件：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4acW64c4IEm4IHG4Q3MJhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1．具备同一工种的上岗操作证（只针对某些工种才需要此条件）；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsG4Y0iEMQ6cKmemIJa40uc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2．具备同一工种的中级证书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuqWqYmgoSk66cpjlt1peGe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":628,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"职业资格证书","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7e3d21cecd91497bb465104a718f4cd0","width":842},"text":"","id":"doxcnWo02iKie8c62aosIOFvgec"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"建筑施工特种操作资格证","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6AeOU6WE8yi2iiGKAO2Ave"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"根据《建设工程安全生产管理条例》第二十五条规定，从2008年11月1日起，凡在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"我国","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"房屋和市政基础设施工程中从事建筑施工特种作业的人员，均应经过专门的安全作业培训考核，并取得省级以上建设行政主管部门核发的特种作业操作资格证书后，方可上岗作业，也就是在建筑工地做电工的，考建筑电工证。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqw0esGacY66keQgxtFDxTf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":555,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"建筑施工特种操作资格证","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d4103982240b44f5ac4b8faf123c66ab","width":860},"text":"","id":"doxcnMUCOqqgoQe8msRTdxa1ggd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考试相关","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG6EaymaAu2M20A2eczRL4d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"报考时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns2eKGoW6Km0CyuGaMaGKEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"特种作业证：参加特种作业操作资格考试的人员，应当填写考试申请表，由申请人或者申请人的用人单位持学历证明或者培训机构出具的培训证明向申请人户籍所在地或者从业所在地的考核发证机关或其委托的单位提出申请。考核发证机关或其委托的单位收到申请后，应当在60日内组织考试。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnACCouk8wqC6uSKzeWzDc9d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"职业资格证书：三级、四级、五级电工证每个月二十号之前申报，次月中旬左右考试；一级、二级电工证为1、3、5、7、9、11月考试(","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"提前一个月进行申报","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"），申报机构为中华任命共和国应急管理部，线上申请。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMoU2mmA0scWEWGG8UQTgwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"建筑施工特种操作资格证：每个月中旬。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIuKKGk8Q4a60wz5fGcpUig"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考试时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnccGgKEeO4S0yMxeJYmF9Td"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"所有电工证考试","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"原则上固定在每个月第三周周末或每个月第四周周末。（一般每个月都会有电工证的考试，部分地区报考人员比较少，可能会合并考试，报名后根据报名人数的多少来灵活安排考试。)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniCgSG0icU0oIcvgeyhUkIe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"科目介绍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0gwouKyi4QoC2jZ2bEscFc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"理论考试：选择题","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQaKOSWMyWkgCUo5zCdeBP2"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"实操考试：基本电工用具操作和简述、基本电工接线、安全操作认识以及紧急情况处理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2ccQ0KkIuKiSao3RTxQJpd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考试形式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8wyMaqqK02oiMDFNvyZgsg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"机考","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2C6O84o6imO6mIat1Ue7Ah"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"合格标准","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSE6Os4IAyw8QCogUVVCbZe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"理论考试：理论考试一共有100道选择题，全部为单选题，答对80题，及格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQUoOkS2CkkEUobLPmBaM8T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"实操考试：基本电工用具操作和简述（20分）、基本电工接线（40分）、安全操作认识（20分）、紧急情况处理（20分），四科目总分超过80分为及格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngMwiYSeCkMO8Wu8DlVugke"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"成绩查询","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8UsG2uwAoWOEs5Oo4HUTEb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"成绩查询和证书领取在在中华任命共和国应急管理部，网址 http://cx.mem.gov.cn/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKCa6oEm2GCySAZX8kZBJUd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":531,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"成绩查询","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/afbf39d45d104377899102cecf374b35","width":1070},"text":"","id":"doxcnu2g20qwqKgceU5MalKUIXb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何备考","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkec4SUekQyC6ELLNZdQqVd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"理论考试","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnamuu0uWCC66gCMMNH36uHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"理论考试中90%以上考题均为练习题录中原题，题目数量基础较小，难易程度较低，考试只需要将测试题库中700多题，多练习并且加强理解。其次进行错题整理后，最后进行理论考试模拟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQE8uAqkG2QKKIPQ9ERqmpd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、如果所考的电工证指“特种作业操作证”（俗称操作证、上岗证），需要的参考书是：《电工基础知识》，该书由中国劳动社会保障出版社出版，作者李凤林。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn68AISG2yeoy0cNDqN882Ld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果所考的电工证指“电工进网作业许可证”（分为低压、高压、特种三个类别），需要的参考书是：《电工进网作业许可考试参考教材》，由国家电力监管委员会电力业务资质管理中心编写组编写，浙江人民出版社出版。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKyikYOeOuyi8kZP7PBuhwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、如果所考的电工证指“职业资格证”（俗称等级证），需要的参考书是：《国家职业资格培训教材：电工基础（第2版）》，由国家职业资格培训教材编审委员会编写，机械工业出版社出版","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkWuQGqYcWCiKgqftLz8teb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"实操考试","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqiKwcemGSu6mQB7BMXHXMd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、电路基本知识考核","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnucW0AsoCkwi2e0F0AXgKgd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电路基本知识考核部分主要考核电气材料、电气仪表、电气符号、安全用具、标示牌、灭火器材的名称、使用方法、好坏的识别，还会考核一些安全知识。一般是给出试题，需要考生口述回答。问题不会太难，考核的是考生的基础扎不扎实。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO2owaEoWIaW6iifU6YNlPb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、触电急救考核","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYaIYcaEgUe6oScCrNjuOjh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电工的工作非常危险，在工作中随时都有触电的可能，所有一般电工作业是两人一组，互相看顾，触电急救也是电工必知的常识。触电急救考核不同地区也有不同标准，有的地区只要考生能口述出急救的步骤、要点和心肺复苏术即可，有的地区却会模拟触电情形，让考生进行模拟人工呼吸和胸外心脏按压操作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnesGguk6Uq0YwEHHpU10Ipd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、线路接线考核","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncY6KmcuC6Q4eIlTI1SYvXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"无论是高低压电工考试，前两者就是必考内容，只是在线路接线考核这一块有些微差别。低压电工考核根据线路图接线，而高压电工考核模拟三相线路接线。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUsIsCAaaA6YMKOMHFDvUac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"但考核也不会太难，只要掌握了单相电能表带照明灯控制电路，互感式三相电表带有电压表、电流表接线点动控制电路，正反转控制电路和点动带自锁控制电路这四种电路，实操考试基本没问题。这个考试主要考核考生识图能力、动手能力、基础线路接线能力、简单电力拖动知识。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4swwWmK6QwKMUXnI0aApSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGKkOKAsIMe0YgFieRIPOze"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

如何自学电脑？

电脑不仅能帮助我们快速完成重复性的工作，而且提供了一种休闲娱乐的方式。学电脑能够快速入门是每个新手梦寐以求的事情，但是不是每个人都能快速入门的。但是如果定制好合理计划，循序渐进，就会收到非常好的效果。

电脑的组成

一个完整的电脑由软件和硬件组成。硬件主要包括我们常见的鼠标，键盘，显示器，主机和各种储存介质，电脑的硬件如同人的躯干和四肢；而软件如同人的大脑和神经系统，软件在硬件的基础上才能工作。

基础入门

启动电脑

电脑启动就是我们常说的“开机”，也是启动操作系统的过程。开机具有一定的顺序：

1、打开显示器

2、打开主机

3、开机自检

4、启动成功

通过上述步骤启动电脑，叫做冷启动，是常规的开机步骤。此外，在特殊情况下，我们还可以通过下面两种方式启动电脑。

热启动：是指电脑处于开机的状态下，通过【开始】菜单中的【重新启动|】命令对电脑进行重新启动。

复位启动：当电脑在运行过程中出现异常而不能运行，且采用热启动失效时，可以采用复位启动方式重启电脑，方法是按下主机箱上的【复位】按钮即可。

关闭电脑

使用完电脑后，需要将其关闭。电脑的关机顺序与开机顺序正好相反。即先关主机电源，然后逐一关闭外部设备的电源。遵循正确的开关机顺序可延长电脑的使用寿命。

正确的关机方法为：在系统桌面上单击【开始】按钮，在弹出的【开始】菜单中单击【关机】按钮，电脑将停止所有程序并退出操作系统，接着系统将自动断开主机电源，然后再依次关闭显示器、音箱等外接设备即可。

如何使用键盘

键盘是用于操作计算机设备运行的一种指令和数据输入装置，也指经过系统安排操作一台机器或设备的一组功能键（如打字机、电脑键盘）。

电脑键盘由功能键区、主键区、编辑键区，数字键区和小键盘区5个区组成。其中常用操作打字是在主键区完成的。

键盘是最常用也是最主要的输入设备，通过键盘可以将英文字母、汉字、数字、标点符号等输入到计算机中，从而向计算机发出命令、输入数据等。

如何使用鼠标

鼠标，是计算机的一种外接输入设备，也是计算机显示系统纵横坐标定位的指示器，因形似老鼠而得名（港台作滑鼠）。其标准的称呼应该是“鼠标器”，英文名“Mouse”。鼠标的使用是为了使计算机的操作更加简便快捷，来代替键盘那繁琐的指令。

一般的鼠标上有左键，右键和滑轮三个部分。

计算机的储存介质

计算机的储存介质有：硬盘、U盘、光盘和软盘等。

硬盘

电脑硬盘是计算机最主要的存储设备，硬盘一般分为固态硬盘（SSD）和机械硬盘（HDD）两种。固态硬盘读写速度更快，但存储容量较小，机械硬盘存储容量较大但同容量大小，固态硬盘价格也更昂贵。

U盘

U盘是USB(USB flash disk)盘的简称，据谐音也称“优盘”。U盘是闪存的一种，故有时也称作闪盘。U盘与硬盘的最大不同是，它不需物理驱动器，即插即用，且其存储容量远超过软盘，极便于携带。

软件操作

电脑软件（Computer Software）是指计算机系统中的程序及其文档。一般来讲软件被划分为系统软件、应用软件，系统软件为计算机使用提供最基本的功能，可分为操作系统和支撑软件，其中操作系统是最基本的软件，常见的操作系统包括为微软的Windows系统。

软件的基础操作

软件的使用包括软件的下载、安装和卸载：

软件的下载

1、浏览器下载

2、软件官网下载

3、电脑管家或360软件管家等下载软件（下图为360软件管家）

软件安装

第一种就是你下载下来的是.exe文件的应用程序，这种程序一般都是安装包，就是你双击之后，会进入安装界面；第二种就是不需要安装的，你下载下来的是一个压缩文件，你只需要解压就可以使用。

电脑软件安装过程中特别要逐一择安装设置（安装盘位）的选择、流氓软件选项勾选等。

软件的卸载

控制面板—程序和功能—找到要卸载的软件—右击卸载

软件的启动

电脑软件的启动方法一般有双击，右击-打开或从开始菜单单击打开

1、一般安装软件后会在桌面创建快捷方式，直接打开。

2、若桌面没有快捷方式，可以在电脑左下角的“开始”—“程序”里面打开。

3、若“程序”里面也没有，可以打开软件的安装位置打开。

说明：第三种方法是按默认的安装路径找到的软件安装文件夹打开程序的，实际情况可以根据软件的具体安装路径选择打开。

应用软件的操作

文件操作包括如何操作打开，关闭、删除、移动、重命名和编辑文件

文件打开

文件打开方式见“如何启动软件”部分

常见不同后缀、格式文件打开方法：

.txt .doc .docx .obt 这些格式可以用微软的office打开，或者用wps打开。

mp3格式文件可以使用使用电脑自带的Media Player播放器或者其他的音乐播放器。

mp4、mpg. mpeg.等文件可以使用电脑自带的电影和电视功能或者其他视频软件打开。

文件关闭

一般软件点击右上角的“×”，再点击“确认”，即可关闭文件

文件删除

1、选中文件-右击-删除

2、选中文件-按“delete”键，即刻删除

文件移动

方法一：长按鼠标左键选中并拖动鼠标移动文件到想要的地方

方法二：右击鼠标—剪切-打开需要移动的地方-右击粘贴

文件重命名

方法一：选中文件—右击—重命名

方法二：鼠标左击—键盘F2，即可进行重命名

文件管理基础知识

硬盘分区

电脑中的文件都存放在硬盘中，而新买回来的硬盘相当于一张白纸 ，为了能够更好地使用它，需要在，白纸上划分出若干小块。然后再打上格子。硬盘分区就是这个道理，在安装操作系统之前，需要进行硬盘分区和格式化，然后才能投入使用。对硬盘进行分区后，各个分区独立使用，互不影响。在操作系统中每个分区都用一个盘符表示，如本地磁盘（C）、本地磁盘（D）等。

存储路径

文件的存储路径，就是文件在电脑硬盘中的存储位置，由硬盘分区、文件夹和子文件夹构成。其中硬盘分区的盘符为路径的第一项，是第一级目录，也叫做根目录，后面紧跟冒号和斜线（：/），文件夹和子文件夹中间则以斜线（/）隔开。

如何使用浏览器

主要介绍如何使用浏览器（以及搜索引擎）查找资料。

1、首先在浏览器中输入搜索引擎的网址，以百度为例：

2、然后就进入搜索引擎所在网页，这样才能进行搜索：

3、之后在搜索栏中输入搜索内容，可以是词语、短语也可以是句子：

4、最后点击百度一下进行搜索：

5、然后就可以得到想要的信息了：

电脑的日常维护

日常注意事项

电脑的五大要害：静电、灰尘、水、震荡、病毒是电脑的五大要害

1、防静电：防止静电损坏电脑各部分电子原件，处理办法是将电脑机箱外壳接地，尽量使用三脚电源插头。

2、防尘：防止灰尘进入电脑机箱内，使用时保持环境清洁，并定期清理电脑主机内的灰尘。

3、防水：防止液体进入电脑的任何部分，保持室内通风。不要将电脑放在湿度较大的房间使用。

4、防震：在使用的过程要防止对电脑的震荡，应将电脑平稳放置在电脑桌上，以防不小心摔落等

5、防病毒：病毒是电脑的一大要害，在日常使用中要防止病毒的进入，需要给电脑安装防病毒软件，并经常更新病毒库，经常给电脑杀毒。

显示器维护

液晶显示器最大的禁忌在于触摸液晶面板。液晶面板表面有专门的涂层，这层涂层可以防止反光，增加观看效果。而很多用户不知道这点，总是习惯于用手去摸液晶屏幕，殊不知人手上有一定的腐蚀性油脂，会轻微的腐蚀面板的涂层，时间长了会造成面板永久性的损害。这种被损坏的面板在使用中会有斑驳陆离的感觉。另外，有些人喜欢用手去压面板，觉得很有意思。这绝对是个恶劣的习惯，这样做会导致坏点和暗斑，这可是永久性的损害，绝不可修复的！

主机维护

在电脑运行过程中，机器的各种设备不要随便移动，不要插拔各种接口卡，也不要装卸外部设备和主机之间的信号电缆。如果需要作上述改动的话，则必须在关机且断开电源线的情况下进行。

不要频繁地开关机器。关机后立即加电会使电源装置产生突发的大冲击电流，造成电源装置中的器件被损坏，也有可能造成硬盘驱动突然加速，使盘片被磁头划伤。因此，这里我们建议如果要重新启动机器，则应该在关闭机器后等待10秒钟以上。在一般情况下不要擅自打开机箱，如果机器出现异常情况，应该及时上报。

数据存放在不同分区，减少磁头对某一扇区的经常读写，导致这一扇区的损坏。 建议你使用不同的媒介定期对你的重要数据进行备份，并存放在不同的地方。一个文件可以在备份盘上放一份，可以打印一份，可以刻录成光盘。

键盘、鼠标的日常维护

（1）保保持清洁 过多的灰尘会给电路正常工作带来困难，有时造成误操作，杂质落入键位的缝隙中会卡住按键，甚至造成短路。我们在清洁键盘时，可用柔软干净的湿布来擦拭，按键缝隙间的污渍可用棉签清洁，不要用医用消毒酒精，以免对塑料部件产生不良影响。清洁键盘时一定要在关机状态下进行，湿布不宜过湿，以免键盘内部进水产生短路。

(2)不将液体洒到键盘上 一旦液体洒到键盘上，会造成接触不良、腐蚀电路造成短路等故障，损坏键盘。所以我们一般不要边喝茶边坐在电脑前,这样一不小心茶可能就洒在键盘上.

电脑病毒防护

电脑一旦感染了病毒，就会出现很多症状。导致系统性能的下降，影响用户的使用，甚至造成灾难性的后果。电脑在日常的使用过程中要定期进行病毒查杀，防患于未然。常用的电脑杀毒软件有360，金山毒霸和电脑管家等等。以金山毒霸为例介绍电脑杀毒的过程。

1、打开程序主界面

2、选择杀毒方式

3、开始杀毒。程序对磁盘内容自动进行扫描，如果检测到病毒会自动进行清除，并将结果显示在扫描栏中。

4、除此之外还可以对特点的盘进行杀毒。

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flash disk)盘的简称，据谐音也称“优盘”。U盘是闪存的一种，故有时也称作闪盘。U盘与硬盘的最大不同是，它不需物理驱动器，即插即用，且其存储容量远超过软盘，极便于携带。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUAKOUayaiOSgKQMhX3Meif"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":800,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"U盘","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/34d973a83b3a4002ab84d8356dd935c3","width":800},"text":"","id":"doxcn86S6iMiQOEc6Ep0I0UrjXd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncC6yagWGCcsYYj2cZfcbxc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件操作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEYigOU8qUU2GaczwudkjUe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑软件（Computer Software）是指计算机系统中的程序及其文档。一般来讲软件被划分为系统软件、应用软件，系统软件为计算机使用提供最基本的功能，可分为操作系统和支撑软件，其中操作系统是最基本的软件，常见的操作系统包括为微软的Windows系统。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqmCGaeygGWycAHmR55v5if"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":731,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件操作","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8bc3c4d31f284f45886dd22e2074946b","width":1300},"text":"","id":"doxcn0qQCya0I4Gu4aAPUupVy4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的基础操作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniq2sWaasISeSeQ6biyZFYf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的使用包括软件的下载、安装和卸载：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYS4ySIcak4eCya6y5Y9aXd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns4qy6QuSY8qG4ARsjv0T3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、浏览器下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuuqGoGEwCCWCW2LNd6TD4b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":902,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的下载","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/92f5914b317a4e4884f60178f6af3139","width":1048},"text":"","id":"doxcnEQSOOIWSUgIWIz8mQMKxRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、软件官网下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAaIAEqKUqyuaK0BpHQgwVd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1051,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的下载","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bc90beb021644f54bdc6c7bc9a129758","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcn6cqwqAagSe0eEBWrIiTWCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、电脑管家或360软件管家等下载软件（下图为360软件管家）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2sCgeMScGG2a6j24QlerxL"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1042,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的下载","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/14dc4dc5f6eb41bdb92cc44995baf7cc","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnm22iEEMEoMOEQDkv0Y5OWd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件安装","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneg0OKWaKu8WG29Bvf8IP5W"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一种就是你下载下来的是.exe文件的应用程序，这种程序一般都是安装包，就是你双击之后，会进入安装界面；第二种就是不需要安装的，你下载下来的是一个压缩文件，你只需要解压就可以使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsE4K04Wqka8oUx6Gaku1Yw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑软件安装过程中特别要逐一择安装设置（安装盘位）的选择、流氓软件选项勾选等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMW2M4Q0gm206EBeP3R5Ohh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":390,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件安装","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/34118380f0a3454d99f103db0d6fbc8b","width":610},"text":"","id":"doxcnoUyy4SgKEeiWX06pmT81rL"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的卸载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKgyi4oQAaKMUekE8XRlt8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"控制面板—程序和功能—找到要卸载的软件—右击卸载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaIQ2esaqSE2OKEpsg98kab"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":653,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的卸载","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a2f2bb7520b743fdaf61168ee077da0a","width":1831},"text":"","id":"doxcn62EIEUcukEsi2tCsfuKISf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的启动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu2mIsKe0uawA0uDyzpzqtd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑软件的启动方法一般有双击，右击-打开或从开始菜单单击打开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqgAeMka2amSaq4eE21IApg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、一般安装软件后会在桌面创建快捷方式，直接打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUOiSsy0SEIgeiiyBo92Gfe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":393,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的启动","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/efdcf6db8ac1493c8c782878596857d1","width":230},"text":"","id":"doxcn4ogm8gYSYmK8W4IbOHVNOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、若桌面没有快捷方式，可以在电脑左下角的“开始”—“程序”里面打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqCIQMyIKCKGIv4fxomBwnx"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":383,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的启动","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2bfcbcb613a7419b8bf273a91d232038","width":369},"text":"","id":"doxcnweSYMWySQOWCWuCrShYRHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、若“程序”里面也没有，可以打开软件的安装位置打开。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGosQ2CuSKy6oqkLRLxZilc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":851,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"软件的启动","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ff10a1e5788a43528ca655aa086f351b","width":1157},"text":"","id":"doxcneemAEEumqy8CkroYQvKMXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"说明：第三种方法是按默认的安装路径找到的软件安装文件夹打开程序的，实际情况可以根据软件的具体安装路径选择打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKMqCwIEqSGis06K3RZTEMc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"应用软件的操作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYkqaUMCsSK6c6NjEUzCjqe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件操作包括如何操作打开，关闭、删除、移动、重命名和编辑文件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngw2qcG4igyeOkTkY16OOpe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件打开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOSo6QGIoWkeGMVuzquSxKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件打开方式见“如何启动软件”部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUiQMs4WKESyQaEW6u2Xqvb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常见不同后缀、格式文件打开方法：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMIKs86WcEAYcWmQuglYAZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":".txt .doc .docx .obt 这些格式可以用微软的office打开，或者用wps打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEOucCoyCUM6k25LBy7J0ih"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":864,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件打开","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8aad1505bea04d6b95450ca2dd3c1a33","width":1004},"text":"","id":"doxcnmGyKyQEu08qAewer5eJ8Vc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"mp3格式文件可以使用使用电脑自带的Media Player播放器或者其他的音乐播放器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneI0COQcSG6cAy67UR5IwCf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":414,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件打开","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b0826de3e99e469ab89db035a5bdd2e2","width":473},"text":"","id":"doxcnq4mg624UMKMM2bRU4iPmVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneCA4M8QgIoeEEcrQa10S4S"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"mp4、mpg. mpeg.等文件可以使用电脑自带的电影和电视功能或者其他视频软件打开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYeOgKuMw6c2oC05AaDDw5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":390,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件打开","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9b1b94bc5ffc4c6cb1952276b2e3fe82","width":465},"text":"","id":"doxcnUckMEKyceKWy2hAuKLDkWe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件关闭","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn260EgqGMamseAF1a94k90f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般软件点击右上角的“×”，再点击“确认”，即可关闭文件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY4yI0uO4yMYuMTviRw5YCf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":265,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件关闭","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bcd7c2ec494846be995cfe0cdd8542f9","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnQ6OuYYIIaQcqU7YTbv1lVc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件删除","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8qyog2cGo8qC6id3Twkath"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、选中文件-右击-删除","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniKIwacO8OSOAmuF8H1rNId"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":370,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件删除","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0876b78b99074dd6a05008db379f270d","width":523},"text":"","id":"doxcnS0oMS4CAuQQA7yMGDBPtcr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、选中文件-按“delete”键，即刻删除","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM8UCwIyY2gIS4Qtl6NPZme"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件移动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnko4UOMSSuE4em8VOJExOXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"方法一：长按鼠标左键选中并拖动鼠标移动文件到想要的地方","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAYkOSwCeIcUq65MJKmBlbb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"方法二：右击鼠标—剪切-打开需要移动的地方-右击粘贴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKMQyIiOuQ0qAqeqzVOZxTf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":379,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件移动","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/649e297f60704d19aec017b9510f566d","width":650},"text":"","id":"doxcnE28skCsKqCWoJGTe0x0hkI"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件重命名","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI4Kcq20qEUEE2L7hnujbsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"方法一：选中文件—右击—重命名","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngCc6OMWomWAi8T5wvdKxZc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"方法二：鼠标左击—键盘F2，即可进行重命名","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyOawqgyqIk4AOKGQKTO2md"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":385,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"文件重命名","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ae5debc0934e43b28efe1c591dc6e145","width":586},"text":"","id":"doxcn8Cwu2MiEMYOsINjrmW3vOh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件管理基础知识","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm2kumkCYuYqc42FTqsSmRe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"硬盘分区","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncqyuY6E6kE8MGg7EGz69Zd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑中的文件都存放在硬盘中，而新买回来的硬盘相当于一张白纸 ，为了能够更好地使用它，需要在，白纸上划分出若干小块。然后再打上格子。硬盘分区就是这个道理，在安装操作系统之前，需要进行硬盘分区和格式化，然后才能投入使用。对硬盘进行分区后，各个分区独立使用，互不影响。在操作系统中每个分区都用一个盘符表示，如本地磁盘（C）、本地磁盘（D）等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGOYUEEwuMI6Uq0SoFxCmof"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":227,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"硬盘分区","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c7712ec643e843149d3ae7855e5d1584","width":1006},"text":"","id":"doxcn08YuuYEAaUAosP61kmkQwh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"存储路径","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyKQO0a2E28eATIVxWdQKh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":721,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"存储路径","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/52858a2949dc43d5bebb80031ba286bf","width":1096},"text":"","id":"doxcnaQOy2G4mkgkIgyrVfQ752G"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件的存储路径，就是文件在电脑硬盘中的存储位置，由硬盘分区、文件夹和子文件夹构成。其中硬盘分区的盘符为路径的第一项，是第一级目录，也叫做根目录，后面紧跟冒号和斜线（：/），文件夹和子文件夹中间则以斜线（/）隔开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWaSkqYM6GU4qAhNRayeSch"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用浏览器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOwy2qsaCUUkqYTSH56oDch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主要介绍如何使用浏览器（以及搜索引擎）查找资料。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSeu0I0OaOu0kI9mq3vLsxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先在浏览器中输入搜索引擎的网址，以百度为例：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMwe80waQQ0MASEEFGkKqkg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":320,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用浏览器","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6a3ee9abbe364a0191b619cc5f2a513c","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnA2aM4yGmuYIGyc7GjiUjbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、然后就进入搜索引擎所在网页，这样才能进行搜索：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8a6gcggMEW2O0axgNmdljh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":320,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用浏览器","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/65be3c837b4a470187c13e33fa41b58c","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnoA6OiWW0IoaY4ti7QM1GqS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、之后在搜索栏中输入搜索内容，可以是词语、短语也可以是句子：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEoI0Ag4mgCm4ygxXk1Dmee"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":320,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用浏览器","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5b8207f604ad4fa7aa601326847b504d","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnOiQswgy4WuqGc7Jzgj9zWf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、最后点击百度一下进行搜索：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsAUWOSmoCqMEY7DaIbYhkc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":320,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用浏览器","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b6b7e77b6c26426f885e2c2de35b4f76","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnACqAimA4822ymu1XyrMfdd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、然后就可以得到想要的信息了：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnac8qwWKmiawQME3wCX3a4w"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":320,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"如何使用浏览器","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/73daa938a5874dd5b19441a7ef21d380","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcnM2IAOWqg8e2SiYh5uDZfTc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑的日常维护","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwYogQ04cEqueKujItiSAee"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日常注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOQa0SaCgg28IyekDcsg7xd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑的五大要害：静电、灰尘、水、震荡、病毒是电脑的五大要害","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOmE2OCW6gyEe2riQybL5Gb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、防静电：防止静电损坏电脑各部分电子原件，处理办法是将电脑机箱外壳接地，尽量使用三脚电源插头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWQkGgc2gKuW2kRTCBQTbpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、防尘：防止灰尘进入电脑机箱内，使用时保持环境清洁，并定期清理电脑主机内的灰尘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEEuoaUQCqWI8ss8EbH09kb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、防水：防止液体进入电脑的任何部分，保持室内通风。不要将电脑放在湿度较大的房间使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaqQOgmEegkMysmefTrvdc8"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、防震：在使用的过程要防止对电脑的震荡，应将电脑平稳放置在电脑桌上，以防不小心摔落等","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmcQsYIgWAUeK6ORhhUelMf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、防病毒：病毒是电脑的一大要害，在日常使用中要防止病毒的进入，需要给电脑安装防病毒软件，并经常更新病毒库，经常给电脑杀毒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6AkgcmWikI64wXPVc121sf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"显示器维护","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWSK4QqMIM0WPCydY3UdJ7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"液晶显示器最大的禁忌在于触摸液晶面板。液晶面板表面有专门的涂层，这层涂层可以防止反光，增加观看效果。而很多用户不知道这点，总是习惯于用手去摸液晶屏幕，殊不知人手上有一定的腐蚀性油脂，会轻微的腐蚀面板的涂层，时间长了会造成面板永久性的损害。这种被损坏的面板在使用中会有斑驳陆离的感觉。另外，有些人喜欢用手去压面板，觉得很有意思。这绝对是个恶劣的习惯，这样做会导致坏点和暗斑，这可是永久性的损害，绝不可修复的！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4isEOMouuus2ErXRfeaiDe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"主机维护","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS4qaUWCCkYMGA3Pcb8Hudb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":228,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"主机维护","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6ee986820e8d4e56a2cff1f2a0ac9b8f","width":290},"text":"","id":"doxcnAI0qeaIwK0yUqGS8xLEAJh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在电脑运行过程中，机器的各种设备不要随便移动，不要插拔各种接口卡，也不要装卸外部设备和主机之间的信号电缆。如果需要作上述改动的话，则必须在关机且断开电源线的情况下进行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncKE6u8qkYaIa4szBuVynCb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不要频繁地开关机器。关机后立即加电会使电源装置产生突发的大冲击电流，造成电源装置中的器件被损坏，也有可能造成硬盘驱动突然加速，使盘片被磁头划伤。因此，这里我们建议如果要重新启动机器，则应该在关闭机器后等待10秒钟以上。在一般情况下不要擅自打开机箱，如果机器出现异常情况，应该及时上报。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQi8GcCSaSK8kpHGL8JKewb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"数据存放在不同分区，减少磁头对某一扇区的经常读写，导致这一扇区的损坏。 建议你使用不同的媒介定期对你的重要数据进行备份，并存放在不同的地方。一个文件可以在备份盘上放一份，可以打印一份，可以刻录成光盘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOOW4OG8Wgy6GK4fXf8vGqb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"键盘、鼠标的日常维护","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGCyMqwQkciaQeerCBvdfMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）保保持清洁 过多的灰尘会给电路正常工作带来困难，有时造成误操作，杂质落入键位的缝隙中会卡住按键，甚至造成短路。我们在清洁键盘时，可用柔软干净的湿布来擦拭，按键缝隙间的污渍可用棉签清洁，不要用医用消毒酒精，以免对塑料部件产生不良影响。清洁键盘时一定要在关机状态下进行，湿布不宜过湿，以免键盘内部进水产生短路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSy2MIyGkYKCkuzzZbWOjbv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)不将液体洒到键盘上 一旦液体洒到键盘上，会造成接触不良、腐蚀电路造成短路等故障，损坏键盘。所以我们一般不要边喝茶边坐在电脑前,这样一不小心茶可能就洒在键盘上.","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUIigmeqUQsI2c7FKXO32Xe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑病毒防护","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni0GY48EKWKocOgPwbovBNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑一旦感染了病毒，就会出现很多症状。导致系统性能的下降，影响用户的使用，甚至造成灾难性的后果。电脑在日常的使用过程中要定期进行病毒查杀，防患于未然。常用的电脑杀毒软件有360，金山毒霸和电脑管家等等。以金山毒霸为例介绍电脑杀毒的过程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnayESKCwQsccQO3DfNJrpI6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、打开程序主界面","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyII0O2AUAAEAEjbwDeZmQd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":725,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑病毒防护","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/48bef00dfde9455180ae7e565a96451a","width":1150},"text":"","id":"doxcnyEAUWUCqiqeuSqJxR4hWCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、选择杀毒方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnACQaOIiK6aMSAfsMrpFLHd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":725,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑病毒防护","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/20d4459218714fd3bfe7ad79421554aa","width":1150},"text":"","id":"doxcnMYuSKEqu6IwiEpFFaYoJjc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、开始杀毒。程序对磁盘内容自动进行扫描，如果检测到病毒会自动进行清除，并将结果显示在扫描栏中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Aiwq0iWwQIe6I5NET5Ry7"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":725,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑病毒防护","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/380a7b7e6ca04cec998b1888f31b76d8","width":1150},"text":"","id":"doxcna66y8kqMAEOWMPfkeIhMic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、除此之外还可以对特点的盘进行杀毒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG2EEekkYCiKYKQYdMFhY2f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":725,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电脑病毒防护","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/20e90fa900aa423e8790a1567331438f","width":1150},"text":"","id":"doxcnsgo6YWwsMoMyu2RhLVDMEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSuEciuc2U6Q6KHxAF4LlNm"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

如何学习音标？

音标是学习英语的第一步，想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标，这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前，我们要先知道国际音标有48个，元音有20个，辅音有28个，元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。

音标数目

在上表中，我们可以看到音标有48个，现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。

可以点击下面链接学习音标。

《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

元音部分

辅音部分

音标的分类

最实用的分类方式是：元音=长元音+短元音+双元音；辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。

英语一共有48个国际音标，包括20个元音，28个辅音。

20个元音包括5个长元音：/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/；

7个短元音：[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ]；

8个双元音：/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/；

注意：

1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满；短元音则发的音比较短而急；

2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起，成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长，后面的发音比较短。

28个辅音包括：轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/

浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/

鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/

半元音 /j/ /w/

边音 /ǀ/

发音技巧

长元音

点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标（长元音）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/xz9mOz3》

5个长元音/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/发音技巧。

（1）/i:/发音技巧：

发音时舌尖抵下齿，口形扁平。在发音的时候要尽量拉长，就像古人喝醉酒以后吟诗的感觉。

单词举例：bee [biː] n. 蜜蜂；see [siː] v. 看见，参看

（2）/ɜ:/发音技巧：

/ɜ:/是长元音，近似于北京腔的“儿”话音，如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音，关键在于卷舌！

单词举例：shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫；nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆

（3）/u:/发音技巧

发这个音时双唇用力向前突出，有点像拉长了音说“乌”，但要注意，“乌”的口形较扁。

单词举例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间

（4）/a:/发音技巧

发音时口张大，双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子，说“啊”，看看嘴巴张得够不够大，记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。

单词举例：ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问； far [fa:r] adj. 远的

（5）/ɔ:/发音技巧

发这个音时，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出，发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音，记住：长元音一定要拉长，发出来才好听。

单词举例：door [dɔ:r] n. 门； short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的

短元音

点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读？】-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E》

7个短元音：/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/

（1）/i/发音技巧

它是个短元音，发音要短促而轻快。

单词举例：big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于

（2）/ə/发音技巧

发音时舌身平放，双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。

单词举例：teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师； mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲

（3）/ɔ/ 发音技巧

这是一个短元音，发音一定要短，发音比/ɔ:/短一些，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。

单词举例：dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙；hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的

（4）/u/ 发音技巧

发音时双唇收圆，稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”，但没发完就给打断了一样。

单词举例：book [bʊk] n. 书,卷；cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮

（5）/ʌ/ 发音技巧

发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。

单词举例：brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥，弟弟；mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲

（6）/e/发音技巧

发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，上下嘴张开的角度大约呈“45度”，同时发出声音。

单词举例：leg [leg] v. n. 腿,支柱； desk [desk] n. 书桌

（7）/æ/发音技巧

发音时，双唇向两边平伸，张开嘴，嘴唇放松逐渐压低舌头7和下颚，尽可能夸张。

单词举例：bad [bæd] ：adj. 坏的,不好的；cat [kæt] ：n. 猫，猫科动物

双元音

点击这个视频学习双元音发音。《【【英语基础】英语国际音标-8个双元音的发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/VQsPDdl》

8个双元音发音技巧：/eɪ/、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/

（1）/eɪ/发音技巧

该音是个双元音，发音时双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。类似于英文字母“A”。

单词举例：say[sei] v.说；delay[diˈlei] n. 延迟 

（2）/aɪ/发音技巧

发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，接近于英文字母中的“I”。

单词举例：ice  [ais] n. 冰，雪糕；side [said] n. 面，边

（3）/ɔɪ/发音技巧

发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”。

单词举例：oil  [ɔil] n. 油，石油；noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音，嘈杂声

（4）/ɪə/发音技巧

发声时，由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中，接近于汉语发音“一呃”。

单词举例：fear   [fɪər] ：n. 害怕，可能性；dear   [dɪər] ：adj. 亲爱的

（5）/eə/发音技巧

接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。

单词举例：bear  [bɛə] ：n. 熊；wear  [wɛə] ：vt. 穿着

（6）/ʊə/发音技巧

第一个是“短乌音”/u/，第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。

单词举例：sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的，确实的；pure  [pjʊər] adj. 纯的； 单纯的

（7）/əʊ/发音技巧

舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。

单词举例： flow  [fləu] ：vi. 流；glow   [ɡləʊ] ：vi. 发光，灼热

（8）/aʊ/发音技巧

由第一个音向第二个音滑动，接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。

单词举例：cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛；hour [aʊər] n. 小时，钟头

辅音

点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标（辅音部分），发音规则与技巧！美式发音，地道口语！清辅音，浊辅音！初级，零基础，欢迎新手！-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA》

11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/

11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/

注意：

清辅音：发音时送气，声带不颤动（颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了）

浊辅音：发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前，纸没有被吹开)，声带颤动。

（1）/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”，都省去韵母成分

发音方法：/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/p/：pen [pen] n.钢笔；pin [pin] n.大头针

/b/：bike [baik] n.自行车；beg [beg] v.乞求

（2）/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。

发音方法：/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num； test [test] n. 试验, 考验

/d/： student [ˈstudnt]  n.学生； date  [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期

（3）/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。

发音方法：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不要振动；/g/是浊辅音，声带需要振动。

单词举例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 风筝；cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕

/g/： glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套；girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩

（4）/f/ /v/

/f/谐音“府”，/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。

发音方法：发音前，上齿咬住下嘴唇，然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，从而引起摩擦。

/f/是清辅音，发音时声带不震动；/v/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。

单词举例：/f/：flower ['flaʊər] n. 花；fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行

/v/：love [lʌv] v. 爱；seven [ˈsevən] num. 七

(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音

发音方法：发音时，舌尖微微伸出，置于上下门齿之间，舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小，气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/ð/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。

单词举例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三； throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷

/ð/：this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个，这里； mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲

(6)/s/ 谐音“丝”，/z/“zi”

发音方法：发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。

单词举例：/s/：school [sku:l] n. 学校，学院；bus [bʌs] n. 公共汽车

/z/：please [pli:z] int.请；zoo [zu:] n.动物园

(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”

发音方法：舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，声带不振动，/dz/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/ts/：cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 )；hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 )

/dz/：hands [hændz] n.手；lands [lændz] n.陆地

(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”

发音方法：舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树，木料；try [traɪ] vt.& vi. 试图

/dr/：dress [dres] n.连衣裙；drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒

(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”

发音方法：/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/ʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/∫/：English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的； 英国的；rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾；

/ʒ/：pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐，愉快；casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的，偶然的

（10）/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”

发音方法：发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。

单词举例：/t∫/： chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔；chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子

/dʒ/：page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ；age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄

(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”，省去韵母成分。

发音方法：

发/h/这个音时，嘴半开，气流从口腔不受阻碍而出，声带不振动，清辅音。

发/r/这个音时，舌端上卷，靠近上齿龈附近，嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态，气流从口腔涌出，声带振动，属于浊辅音。

单词举例: /h/： hair [heə(r)] n.头发；hate [heɪt] v.恨，厌恶

/r/： sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ；write [raɪt] v.写

鼻音

点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【（21）鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/8P1jfXx》

(1)/m/谐音“恩”

发音方法：双唇紧闭，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔发出，声带震动。闭口音。

单词举例：major [ˈmeɪdʒə(r)] adj.主要的；time [taɪm] n.时间

(2)/n/谐音“呢”

发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔发出，同时声带震动，开口音。

单词举例：nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的；funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的

(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”，省去声母部分

发音方法：发音时气流从鼻腔涌出，声带振动。

单词举例： think [θɪŋk] v.想；angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使

边音

点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F》

/l/谐音“里”

发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过，声带保持震动，属于浊辅音。

单词举例：light [laɪt] n.光线 ；ball [bɔ:l] n.球

半元音

点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/fC2pYDl》

/j/谐音“耶”

发音方法：发音时声带震动，气流口腔发出。浊辅音，发音口型类似/ i/.

单词举例：ye [jes] adv.是的；young [jʌŋ] adj.年轻的

/w/谐音“屋”

发音方法：嘴唇张开到刚好可以含住一根吸管的程度，并向前微噘起，但上齿不能接触下唇,立刻滑向其后的元音。

单词举例：wish [wɪʃ] ：v. 希望； which [wɪtʃ] ：pron. 哪一个

学习步骤

抄写

抄写音标，并了解音标特点。

对音标的基本认知

1、区别长短音带“：”的音标发音相对较长不带“：”的音标发音相对较短。

2、区别清辅音和浊辅音核心区别：清辅音声带不震动，浊辅音声带振动。

模仿练习

找合适的视频学习学习跟读。例如b站上《【赖世雄48个英语音标朗读示范，美音英音对照版-哔哩哔哩】 【https://b23.tv/sHYQFZ3】》、《【李咏梅老师英语（音标部分）——最牛的初中英语老师！没有之一！李咏梅国际音标 （完整版发音篇）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/U1pmjNE》、《【纯正英式发音】这是BBC出品的到现在为止最棒的英语发音教程（完整版）-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/gZzDKl5》，以上几个视频都非常不错，详细讲解每个音标的读法。注意视频一定至少跟读5遍，才能确保你的学习效果。

也可以通过下面这个视频观察发音口型的变化。

《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK》

1、模仿练习，学习国际音标的发音，要注意观察老师的口型，观察发音部位的变化，主动模仿发音，初学可以对着镜子模仿练习，特别是元音发音的舌位高低，口腔开口度大小与音色关系十分密切，可以通过镜子观察口型上的区别，观察舌尖、舌面、舌叶的活动情况，比如u和o、i和e、e和ε等等，掌握准确口腔开口度，对于准确发音具有非常重要的意义。

2、听音训练:学习国际音标需要认识48个音标，通过反反复复的听力练习，达到强化记忆。听音训练，如果有条件，可以多听老师朗读音标，也可以使用录音带反复听音，本课件中的每个音素，都可以循环倾听，强化记忆。

3、多动口，动口是加强实践的关键和核心，听音也好，模仿也好，比较也好，最终要归结到自己发音这一目标上来，所以勤动口是掌握国际音标发音的关键。俗话说，"三天不写手生，三天不念口生"，说的就是要加强动手动口能力的培养。因此学习国际音标，要时时加强语音训练，勤动口，反复实践练习，在实践中比较，在实践中体会差别，做到熟能生巧，这样自然就掌握国际音标的发音了。

重点音标讲解

单元音

[i:] =“一”

[ɪ]：[ɪ]开口要比[i:]稍大，注意比较两图口型。

[e] 嘴张45°，[æ]嘴张90°

[ɜ:r] [ər]=“二”

[ə]=额（不卷舌）

[ʌ]：开口比“啊”略小

[ɑ:r]=卷舌的“啊”

[ɑ] =“啊”

[ɔ] =开口稍大的“哦”

[ɔ:r]=卷舌的“哦”

[u:]核心：双唇由半开微突，过渡到合嘴圆唇

[ʊ] 发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。

双元音

双元音较简单，大多数可进行类比，注意双元音的重音在第一个音标，即前一个音读的稍重，后一个音读的较轻。

[eɪ]=“A”

[aɪ]=“I”

[əʊ]=“O”

[ɔɪ]=“哦一”

[ɪə]=ear

[eə]=air

[ʊə]=“乌尔”

辅音

大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处，直接看视频模仿即可，这里只讲解易错发音。

爆破音：

[t]

[k] 不要读成[tə]

[kə] 注意：它们声带不震动

摩擦音：

[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齿咬下唇

[θ][ð]

上下齿轻咬舌头，发音时能看到你的舌头露出

[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”

[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音＋舌头平放的“喝”

鼻音

[m] 合嘴

[n] 舌前部抵住上颚

[ŋ] 嘴巴张开

舌侧音[l]

元音前：跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后：发“l”的前半段

半元音

[j] “也”

[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”

破擦音

[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”

[dʒ]= “居”

[ts]=不发声的“次”

[dz]=“子”

[tr] 先发“t”，在发“r”，最后结合在一起

[dr] 同上

词汇拼读

1、规划拼读任务，拿出单词书或课本词汇表，找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读，20个为一组，每天练习3组，当然如果有时间，多进行几组也OK，加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。

2、输入法识别词汇，每拼读一个词汇，都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读，看能否被输入法识别出单词，用机器来检测是否读的准确。

3、听词汇跟读，不管输入法识别出单词，还是没识别出单词，都要查手机字典，来听一遍听力，并跟读，模仿语调和轻重读音。

例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency

学习计划

1、国际音标，一共48个，每天学4个，12天学完，元音和辅音每天各学习两个。

2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词，每天坚持读一个小时，第二天要把第一天的一块儿读，第三天要把前两天的一块儿读，依次类推，坚持学完所有的音标，就可以读字典上任何一个单词。

3、长期坚持下去，会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联，比如ph都发音标f的音，字母u发尖a的音，类似的规律，当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多，同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来，直接就把背单词的问题解决了，音标会读，单词会读，单词会背，听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了，同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻，同时最重要的是用起来更容易。

注意事项

1、了解发音要领，模仿老师口型

学习语音，一定要注意口型，并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领，特别是相似音标的发音区别。

零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了，其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的， 所以需要老师正确的发音示范，跟着老师一起读，然后再加上老师给的一些技巧，继续跟读，老师感觉哪有问题，再帮着纠正，这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。

2、 单词拼读实战，一对一纠正错误

养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习，单词拼读实战训练，巩固你的发音。不断读，不断纠正，训练单个音标到训练多个单词，在学习语音的过程中，再掌握一些基础的词汇。

3、辩音练习，纠正错误，掌握发音规律

训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强，但还是训练相同的内容，一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音，将相似音放在一起对比再练习，舌头和耳朵在这很重要。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标是学习英语的第一步，想要学好音标需要认识音标、会读音标，这样以后才能认识单词。在学习音标前，我们要先知道国际音标有48个，元音有20个，辅音有28个，元音又分为单元音和双元音，单元音有12个，双元音有8个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X0ayd2WScoy4M6xsFVmcneA8n8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标数目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGMMdqqKGoIkyGxmsOVcclDvnFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在上表中，我们可以看到音标有48个，现在我们常说的国际音标也是48个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AESAdWCuQoQUiuxmQkVcGNVXnbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以点击下面链接学习音标。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E20kdWCCso4ykCx45GjcqgWynqa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《【48个英语音标示范读音-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/mt9vVaK","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AqckdkO2SoWKyoxQJlCcXjKcn4f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsOsda4UyoA0yUx4xP6czKClnJg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":345,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"元音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a663fdb6f1284e47acca44c09060b0a2","width":694},"text":"","id":"AEKudCk2So0cmMxCAIeceBvxnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KisEdmSmgogIwoxC4ZMcG3QknLe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音部分","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7467dcbf994549a5a6381df079b4301f","width":561},"text":"","id":"PAIEdU6suogWcexSCXRc664TnUf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YouadwUQwosyeyxasemc2PIHnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最实用的分类方式是：元音=长元音+短元音+双元音；辅音=清辅音+浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwWMdM0y4okSc6xUXz8cZOKMnWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"英语一共有48个国际音标，包括20个元音，28个辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZEYEdomcAoIWSIx0gs6ctJvEnHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"20个元音包括5个长元音：/i:/、/ɜ:/、/u:/、/a:/、/ɔ:/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOEMdsCmEo8wmuxy9sgchI0Dncu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音：[i] [ə] [ɔ] [u] [ʌ] [e] [æ]；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSgsdwwsWoc2i8xcLMycBbyfnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8个双元音：/eɪ、/aɪ/、/ɔɪ/、/ɪə/、/eə/、/ʊə/、/əʊ/、/aʊ/；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEqydSEaYoYgAExG0OJcpQCinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QgMudGYi4ooOcUxmocWcCoCEn1I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、长元音顾名思义就是发的音比较长而饱满；短元音则发的音比较短而急；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CUm2dg0ayooas8xw7mKc1LHmnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、双元音就是两个单元音拼在一起，成为组合音。双元音发音的特点是前面的单元音发音长，后面的发音比较短。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L6kydWcCEosSoGx4YDdcStKNnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"28个辅音包括：轻辅音/p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKwdykA4ogsCMxghM8cwNI2ndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EKwedeuCIoQOQOxsPGjcKnRinVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音 /m/ /n/ /ŋ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NsCOdg4ACo2C8cxYDOvc9jprnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音 /j/ /w/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YgEed6IysogkMcxCm9rcZCI9nMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音 /ǀ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UkYUdw6iMoqSiqxwvFGcq3HTnTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音标的分类","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6872a8bb79f14f40989a6ed6bc41be7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"C4qGduOAkoiWuQx0ixicZGvqnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYc4dsOwco02wAxAp27chauenkc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MI8CdGMgmoi24ox6Isuc2rBwnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习长元音发音。《【元音音标（长元音）-哔哩哔哩】 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看见，参看","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HoymdmuGiocUiExgVgicDvQJn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/11401e7cc5bc444dbe441c1675fed41f","width":451},"text":"","id":"Jwu8dI462oaeoYx2YiTciWTqnvE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/ɜ:/发音技巧：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ts2qdA6SgoseSMxKkuqcBll6nug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ɜ:/是长元音，近似于北京腔的“儿”话音，如“花儿”的“儿”。发好这个音，关键在于卷舌！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OYYudyQECoAUWCxAXCXcpSQNnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：shirt [ʃə:t] n. 衬衫,男士衬衫；nurse [nə:s] n. 护士,保姆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"COSGdekU0o4gUuxMXnMcC6pCn2c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":377,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/623ec09f755c4250bf94380ee9544915","width":562},"text":"","id":"FCiYdGaciomUW2xG0SicnSgFnLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/u:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWOIdEuS2o0WmaxWew6cVNb0nEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时双唇用力向前突出，有点像拉长了音说“乌”，但要注意，“乌”的口形较扁。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGkEdI2kMos20Ox2r4qcCFyXnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：moon [mu:n] n. 月球,月亮；room [ruːm] n. 房间,空间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Esasd8QoioyssQxkPtKc5kBmnJc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe82dde826ae4239afa4b48ffe8b0c42","width":453},"text":"","id":"RKWId4Ca4og0QexmwWYcZ2TOnAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/a:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TAmEdomGco0mmmxMBcic5uLqnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时口张大，双唇稍收圆。发音时可以照着镜子，说“啊”，看看嘴巴张得够不够大，记得要将嘴巴尽量张大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSYadWSEcooYEQxIUAjct9vnnFJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：ask [a:sk] v. 问,询问； far [fa:r] adj. 远的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YAQsdCAoGosGOqxQt5octrTLnYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":273,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/025ef979d9624dbc88706798e493e87b","width":454},"text":"","id":"JsAodyMG4oaAWUx0eNaclgPRnU7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/ɔ:/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VyMWdKGuYouWEGxCWxVch2RmnXg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发这个音时，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出，发音接近于汉语“嗷”。这是个长元音，记住：长元音一定要拉长，发出来才好听。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MgM2dcYGCo46QcxQbwMc94Nynih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：door [dɔ:r] n. 门； short [ʃɔ:t] adj. 短的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LgscdccICoGgwaxKaJWc1SyKnIh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"长元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d7a38edc116f4856b5a9593f720e724d","width":450},"text":"","id":"Ho4YdSGgcoUyQqxmgKhctGE7nkd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0wOd0uowoAm6exEjRdcgKeDnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习短元音发音。《【【英语音标7个短元音/ʌ/ /ɒ/ /ə/ /ɪ/ /ʊ/ /e/ /æ/怎么读？】-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/fo9Bd5E","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WUQIdyWAoo6YMexciCLc5g4mnfx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7个短元音：/i/、/ə/、 /ɔ/、/u/、/ʌ/、/e/、/æ/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JQe8de0WgoW4WIxIf6EcSf5Jn8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/i/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OeiSdAac6oeg4QxICt4cMrZ1ngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它是个短元音，发音要短促而轻快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KyOcdmKcYo2yg0xc9CLchnc0nFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：big [bɪɡ] adj. 大的,庞大的；Fit [fit] v. 合身,适合于","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Peq6dMSKAoKMiex85ZpcCHMwn8c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":282,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7490f86fa2e840c7822c7a8652cc3b59","width":454},"text":"","id":"Jg8qd0SAGoaqQYxWG62cTGd0nJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/ə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yi4gdOOSwoqi4ixUPCxcr7dTn8N"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌身平放，双唇扁平。发这个音时不用卷舌。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QSWGdgm2wokq4uxaoSxc9pQNnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：teacher [ˈtiːtʃə] n. 老师,教师； mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N600dqWCioIGAexsDGtcikolnSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fc5b84b799c543ba81a17ef6447d69b3","width":451},"text":"","id":"Zicodsi0aoGSMcxMFmhcGojin4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/ɔ","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"/ ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cwu6dsy0ioSIoQxQ3McctItdnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这是一个短元音，发音一定要短，发音比/ɔ:/短一些，双唇稍稍收圆，并向前突出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B40SdEqGeommYaxUVmkcbAFunof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：dog [dɔg] n.狗,家伙；hot [hɔt] adj. 热的,辣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6OQdeMYeo8kqAxQFP0cUzhtnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/u/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MkEMdeuwcoUMQMx2jfDcSL1Lnle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇收圆，稍突出。就像发汉语中的“乌”，但没发完就给打断了一样。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NUQadG2AOoyQiqxovbfcN5hMnSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：book [bʊk] n. 书,卷；cook [kʊk] vt. 烹调,煮","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XiW4dUI0WoeWYaxmgclczYA7nSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":318,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"短元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a926c1aa6d5d4ce79c0d19c2159ce98e","width":454},"text":"","id":"QGcAdYE6MomYUMxuiFcciKOwnKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/ʌ/ 发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QemKd0uQoogOGqx0yTfccRfnnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，唇形稍扁，开口度较大。这个发音有点像发“啊”音时突然被谁卡住了脖子的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RQgydeee4ogWwyxgJKecse67nsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：brother['brʌðə(r)] n. 哥哥，弟弟；mother [ˈmʌðə] n. 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n. 面，边","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HIYQdm4KkocmioxVAXPcjTFInvy"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1fac52f81d3e43b4ad93559d84c6e4fd","width":452},"text":"","id":"GW2id2oWuoywqex6iJZcG5KXnWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/ɔɪ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AOWIdIc8moigIixsbHIckhi8n5G"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。接近于汉语发音“奥一”","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FSw4ducquoQKMuxMtIScMy4wnWd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：oil  [ɔil] n. 油，石油；noise [nɔɪz] n. 噪音，嘈杂声","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LW2od6qk0oqyU4x8qOAczdchnCc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9307e1ed689946e9bd14a681c5b78d92","width":448},"text":"","id":"WMKUd2wgKoIQ6uxQbA9cgGWindd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/ɪə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Cae2duCEsoem4yxA3tvc0cmdnCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发声时，由第一个音[i]向[ə]集中，接近于汉语发音“一呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C68Md8ms8ociOqxWGiVcBAMJnEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：fear   [fɪər] ：n. 害怕，可能性；dear   [dɪər] ：adj. 亲爱的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eawkdmem6owIQYxisRVcS3Ljnce"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4aecdc72dc8d4a52a355153570863ecb","width":449},"text":"","id":"UQCadEEogosc0cxCAiZcP9D0nme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（5）/eə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Es8ydgUYyoW0UGx0u3PcNSMZnzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"接近于汉语发音“哎呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I42OdKEEso2AYKxwDFhc15xGnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：bear  [bɛə] ：n. 熊；wear  [wɛə] ：vt. 穿着","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mi4GdQ4cooIqGGxWszQcP7P6nUb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":301,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/80a62f63b71d441fab8b7b937db156b5","width":455},"text":"","id":"WKgEdmMEeooMAGxraS2cKlFNnzp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（6）/ʊə/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JYs6des4GosOg2xWIw7c5U11nBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一个是“短乌音”/u/，第二个是/ə/。类似于汉语发音“屋呃”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Qgsgdw2qgoa6WSx2zPjcHHBLnSf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：sure [ʃʊər] adj. 确信的，确实的；pure  [pjʊər] adj. 纯的； 单纯的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IqQidGY8uou04vxQr5ucq8izn2T"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":338,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c63377faff584578850c4f931e0964a4","width":500},"text":"","id":"G2Uod4AO2oA0yuxOgbYcsRAUnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（7）/əʊ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AKMadGucOoaaGIxQFbicoXY5n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。接近于汉语发音“呃屋”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KkSUdWMwwo4CE8xKwmhcnBqwnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例： flow  [fləu] ：vi. 流；glow   [ɡləʊ] ：vi. 发光，灼热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BKa0dKw0qoIKk2xYZC6cRR28n5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/02a605adae3540e89ce2893523886858","width":451},"text":"","id":"NM2wdK6S2oeIQYxCgOxcYt4snue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（8）/aʊ/发音技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4eedMomYoYYUUx8kmacWlySn9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"由第一个音向第二个音滑动，接近于汉语发音“啊屋”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kuy8dSgWgoKKG0xlGmGcJFU1nm7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：cow [kaʊ] n. 奶牛，乳牛；hour [aʊər] n. 小时，钟头","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EG88doWaio0GUwx0M5Yc3mtvnwb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":336,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1955882da7c54a7d936a2a26325b2b9c","width":500},"text":"","id":"V04od2GkKokq6WxuazbctmCGnmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PiwcdwQISoMwgsx0yFucrIYUnih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习辅音发音。《【英语音标（辅音部分），发音规则与技巧！美式发音，地道口语！清辅音，浊辅音！初级，零基础，欢迎新手！-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/dCgZVAA","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DAMod2AYQoGwMYxmm7pcZVEgnRd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ /ʃ/ /ts/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /h/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JY04deUyUo4SOIx00V9cNrjgn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11个浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ /ʒ/ /dz/ /dʒ/ /dr/ /r/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aya6dI06WoYGm0xgFG8cd2RWnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DCAKdYKa6o6CskxSKjOcMmqYnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"清辅音：发音时送气，声带不颤动（颤不颤用手放在喉咙上就知道了）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4c8d0oaKoiiasxSJbIc3Phpn8z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"浊辅音：发音时不送气(拿张纸放在嘴前，纸没有被吹开)，声带颤动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6msd8Wsao4MCox3aGXchxhTnit"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（1）/p/ /b/谐音分别为“普”、“卜”，都省去韵母成分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgqdeYCwoquUGxIpR6cp8i9n6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iUduAywo0QcsxAPIvcauRYn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/p/：pen [pen] n.钢笔；pin [pin] n.大头针","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YGdymweowsukxi0Chcjet4nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/b/：bike [baik] n.自行车；beg [beg] v.乞求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IukEd2acUomqsix61ZlcYRZgntc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":291,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/606b063e5abc4abda1a64a5bcd15ed33","width":453},"text":"","id":"GAAodsy42oGcEOxqesecgGainDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":279,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62b2c2ff83cd446e913fc3894b60f5ed","width":453},"text":"","id":"LocqdA2WqoWwOmx4iqoc1Co1nzd"}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（2）/t/ /d/分别谐音“特”、“得”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUu0dw0IUoCAoKxWuwQcERpSn2g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WqgudmymyoWeMyxG4qAcXd5Nn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/t/ ：ten [ten] num； test [test] n. 试验, 考验","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmCsdscSUougQExs3LHcC6Yvnxc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/d/： student [ˈstudnt]  n.学生； date  [deɪt] n.日期、日子、约见时间 v.注明日期、写上日期","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QEwYdeUuqoceaWxmGpgcCQRAnaf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a42294e34f854b1db31a0c38ef37302c","width":450},"text":"","id":"Q8KYdagoIo4k20x8FBYcKkY5ng9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/904cd5e38687477288a3126fcc4f1018","width":454},"text":"","id":"EOGSdg44io6MwMxwFg2cxsvAnPf"}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（3）/k/ /g/分别谐音“可”、“嗝”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQQedqwyMooIEkxIKJIcVruHnlb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不要振动；/g/是浊辅音，声带需要振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CiO0dy8SCoiem2xKge6ccUbyn7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/k/ ：kite [kait] n. 风筝；cake [keɪk] n. 蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FUQodyeyyoWuQAx2JGYcZNT1nqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/g/： glove [ɡlʌv] n. 手套；girl [ɡə:l] n. 女孩","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQIOdQAAIoSki6xy8ITcIpXtnmh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":305,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/14d7ac9a6f4f404893f06bdabb1aa226","width":490},"text":"","id":"Emi6dSeEKo2WoixmcDrcz6VHnU6"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/06964c4beb5c4fce98d2def6ba8ebbca","width":493},"text":"","id":"DYMkdcSk4oSS0AxYncocwbmfnZc"}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（4）/f/ /v/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DySedIAYgoKsywxoVI4cNSDinKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/谐音“府”，/v/就是北方人把W读成V那种感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ISoKdAUgYoGIyExI5y6cPFHfnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音前，上齿咬住下嘴唇，然后使气流由唇齿间的缝隙中通过，从而引起摩擦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RM62de2eqoAkcixAxO3c7o2nn2b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/f/是清辅音，发音时声带不震动；/v/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGkSdk02UoUYoqx87ogcwnwpnPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/f/：flower ['flaʊər] n. 花；fly [flai] vi.飞, 飞行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DmI8dMaAyocKYixCAJOcvEDznmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/v/：love [lʌv] v. 爱；seven [ˈsevən] num. 七","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CaQOdgSIQogyCOxO4sGcBbGqnkg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8ce3c52756514e448ddc1d518e55ecdf","width":450},"text":"","id":"Pam6duQkAoyQ6Oxq6dwcgin7nTe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":307,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d517eafc9904db59404a654d6aabfd9","width":499},"text":"","id":"A6ugd446kocAo6xgNYQcDw1hnId"}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)/θ/ /ð/ 牙齿轻咬舌尖发出的音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XICgdYG6eowkcoxiK6zcQDIVn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时，舌尖微微伸出，置于上下门齿之间，舌尖和下齿之间的气流通道非常窄小，气流从舌齿间的窄缝中通过。/θ/是清辅音，发音时声带不振动；/ð/是浊辅音，发音时声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmG0de0CookKwKxgJVJctctcnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/θ/：three [θri:] num. 三； throw [θrəʊ] vi. 投掷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQUadqEywoMcs2xEtzIc5zkmnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ð/：this [ðɪs] pron. 这,这个，这里； mother [ˈmʌðə(r)] n. 母亲","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGMedc0I2oEIOEx6qDWc6Ca4nwg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/50168da9a42b477395fa447a59aadf00","width":640},"text":"","id":"TS0MdAOiIoWak2x4Fr2cXJLRneg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe852c5bda9443b4b98bcb1ed73950ab","width":456},"text":"","id":"Y6o6dYI68oOO4ixYzmUcUdwlnHg"}],"text":"","id":"MCEgdOoEkoUE2qxAtnfcviE7nSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)/s/ 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n.动物园","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IgmKdaGiooyg8ExgVM2cEGJAnoh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":271,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9a735a6fd556430899e72f213603429c","width":453},"text":"","id":"IYIEdaM6co0Mo6xsd9CcEcfGnrf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":217,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cbd3bbe2132a47e09a970ca158685fd7","width":454},"text":"","id":"S6C8duMs0omqiKxkfZncVmJSnIb"}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(7)/ts/ /dz/分别谐音“次”、“自”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RKu4dWEeIo4Og6xqiP7cXVdwnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌端先贴住上齿龈，堵住气流，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，声带不振动，/dz/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wu2AdkuSioKeekxGWiWcUNN1nFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/ts/：cats [kæts] n. 猫( cat的名词复数 )；hats [hæts] n. 帽子( hat的名词复数 ) ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DOksdQsWUoKGA2xETz0chmFantf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dz/：hands [hændz] n.手；lands [lændz] n.陆地","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMmSdKgc0oK828xcVxeci6yGnOg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":289,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8fdc13488fbc4d59a98f9f0713aefe7c","width":450},"text":"","id":"P8KydWaQYo8qWUxQppkc4qdhngb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c7a93711b0e46cc83a527c60d527179","width":451},"text":"","id":"PkmQd6QMeoIcCIxoQSfcvdqVnmb"}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(8)/tr/ /dr/分别谐音“戳”、“捉”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ng8qda44kouo0UxWAN2cpPcpnkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dr/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GSKsdMQi0o82OexWotqcSV0KnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/tr/ : tree [tri:] n. 树，木料；try [traɪ] vt.u0026 vi. 试图 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GGkKdsqAqo0C8WxqIJucE48Anzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dr/：dress [dres] n.连衣裙；drink [drɪŋk] v.喝酒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HcYWdO6moomiWCxi6X3c322tnUe"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":306,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8cd7b6ea3573404d915c2b39fdd668ad","width":454},"text":"","id":"Vg4UdMsoWosWm6xmPRjcCCNMnyQ"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":296,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/700de1de8f2b402893d73b6fd25b5342","width":452},"text":"","id":"OsM4dSIkIouswGxiw7LcHHrMnjb"}],"text":"","id":"JSaEd8UAsoau4axA33tcPSTUnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(9)/∫/ /ʒ/分别谐音“诗”、“日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSaEd8UAsoau4axA33tcPSTUnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：/∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/ʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PKmAda0ceooIAExiq07crsVtnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/∫/：English [ˈɪŋglɪʃ] adj. 英格兰的； 英国的；rubbish [ˈrʌbɪʃ] n. 垃圾；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGIidicIkoCGCKxKo0PcQBYlnhd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/ʒ/：pleasure [ˈpleʒə] n.快乐，愉快；casual [ˈkæʒuəl] adj意外的，偶然的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MwwIdAKiooqy2Cxak94c5PDbnGg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8f332b0d40c74d34ae86cb1fa3ca05e7","width":454},"text":"","id":"DwsYdMccsog0iYxISsfcHUVinNH"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":228,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f540e592612a4386a861f7ad67e4073c","width":453},"text":"","id":"ISiYdkQoGoGQe0xKa7JcQsU3n3d"}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（10）/t∫/ /dʒ/分别谐音“吃”、“之”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMc2d28g4oE0muxS4CIcteUNn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/t∫/是清辅音，声带不振动；/dʒ/是浊辅音，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U0gWdO4iMoCAaoxYfM3cC5m6n7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：/t∫/： chalk [tʃɔ:k] n. 粉笔；chair [tʃeər] n. 椅子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NK0ydWy0SoseSyxGoJMcJWW5nLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/dʒ/：page [peɪdʒ] n.页 ；age [eɪdʒ] n.年龄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OEesduWwUowgWuxm4gJcL9gGnuc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":277,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8b628a6b1e514fe0b391ed64c1367954","width":454},"text":"","id":"V86EdgUKGoouEOxqclNcNjX5nCh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":267,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6d921b622ffa4a38a273f436986ea872","width":445},"text":"","id":"VIo0dGc4yoCimMxU5WBcTgQNnSb"}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(11)/h/ /r/分别谐音“呵”、“若”，省去韵母成分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E0eYdWCA2oa2Q8xADQhcjsCsnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M04md204koiKaQxcjQPccMzznXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/h/这个音时，嘴半开，气流从口腔不受阻碍而出，声带不振动，清辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6Kidis8moccGAxjkUjcGKHMncS"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发/r/这个音时，舌端上卷，靠近上齿龈附近，嘴唇张开并保持略圆状态，气流从口腔涌出，声带振动，属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Skk8dmsmoog2KwxWIvucX2Yvnyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例: /h/： hair [heə(r)] n.头发；hate [heɪt] v.恨，厌恶","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FeIKdecMEoOEEsxC2MDcxzKenug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/r/： sorry ['sɒrɪ] v.对不起 ；write [raɪt] v.写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AmKEdA6O2oMuaCxQ3hLc0Vauneh"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ae68233a2f1f4e0bae1ada1aafa601b2","width":455},"text":"","id":"B2IgdUQ0AoYG6wxYVJccq7VMnag"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":690,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b5bc0da8fe7f4de1b056a6e261a0535d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"FoGadAwoIoQ8iux6WegcTMzCnlb"}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tgm6dmyKQoWAASxyMtHcwHwxnwf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习鼻音发音。《【（21）鼻音 m n ŋ | 英语音标发音口型示范 | 美式发音-哔哩哔哩】 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n.时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGuudoKUeogKgKxS8ZUcakUsnYg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":275,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f85c67957ccc46bdaa291f21c4945bbf","width":453},"text":"","id":"JSAAdM6wSo6uSUxQzE5cb42LnQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)/n/谐音“呢”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MsCId8QaAou0OwxCavicqQUSnLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，形成阻碍，气流从鼻腔发出，同时声带震动，开口音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2GAdKKSGoCuWIxQdrXctfW6nvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：nice [naɪc] adj.漂亮的；funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MysCdSuOeoeK8ixaugKcDN72nUf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cf6bbf9b230c4ba385b68bf46687dc48","width":449},"text":"","id":"IKM0duY8Go6u4CxkBlucRm0XnPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)/ŋ/谐音“英”，省去声母部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WcoodGMkwoI2YGxIP4ucIJsAnRC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：发音时气流从鼻腔涌出，声带振动。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWcSd6OUCoq0a8xAV9sc88PznPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例： think [θɪŋk] v.想；angel [ˈeɪndʒl] n.天使","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6YIdO2o0o8w2Ax5e5RcRshSnn9"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":281,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9be0385b2e8b48298d7c1f70fbddcfcd","width":453},"text":"","id":"Ng62d6MoOo82sUx6k4VcQMB9nYf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HuSIdwyEkoMIqCxotU0cFfxbnNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习边音发音。《【真正的国际音标-边音 Lateral-哔哩哔哩】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/G9C7X9F","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8uCdoCuco8aeGxkXIScGUjtnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"/l/谐音“里”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EkeKdas6eoQ8msxawD1cdzE7n6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"发音方法：舌尖顶住上齿龈，发音时气流从舌面的两侧通过，声带保持震动，属于浊辅音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIWkd0eeuoiCGqx6rikckQCtnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单词举例：light [laɪt] n.光线 ；ball [bɔ:l] n.球","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuIodIW6goAcIExgblmcWFXXnah"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":260,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"边音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8a9eb0ff3c3438e80e649b07a85be15","width":456},"text":"","id":"MoWedis4SokU8cxGSwecIsV7nTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOUWdOmoioWWUOxSKvHcytrEnig"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点击这个视频学习半元音发音。《【BBC英语 其他辅音 半元音'w'的发音 与'v'的区别 国际音标发音｜Pronunciation Tips 34 - Other Consonant-哔哩哔哩】 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发成噘嘴的[ə],气流向外。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4EUdoaeCoGgg2xA94WcKc7XnVg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGS8duyAEoSGqgxas3DcrumNnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"双元音较简单，大多数可进行类比，注意双元音的重音在第一个音标，即前一个音读的稍重，后一个音读的较轻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ww4IdocgUoaaeAxYJjwcra66neh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eɪ]=“A”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TciidSSSmoKY6MxOmfycHajin1A"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[aɪ]=“I”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QyWEdEi4eo0WC4xYBXWcKXKJn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[əʊ]=“O”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OaqodkkAWoIIwixUvLJciK9Dnbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɔɪ]=“哦一”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIkGdeWMMoCgCKxujKucWEgXnl7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ɪə]=ear","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6Wedoq6Go4KQKx0OLvcGKWAnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[eə]=air","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKsUdcKGSouW0exAVi9cPsZcnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʊə]=“乌尔”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JMWSdYuUAo84WexU5RncsFdWnYe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6SAdQWcYoe2WexqIZ7cCguWnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大部分辅音跟“汉语拼音”都有相似之处，直接看视频模仿即可，这里只讲解易错发音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOS4dUWgKoegoQxoBW1c0scNnCh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"爆破音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGwkdoY06oeKEExaYJdcMIPWnyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[t]

[k] 不要读成[tə]

[kə] 注意：它们声带不震动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqIEdUkemo8g6Gx2j13czIRNn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"摩擦音：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAkqdWaUkoe4oQx6CBicKu6JnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[f][v] 咬唇音，注意上齿咬下唇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UMwCdEUkWoQ6uQxwJcscTdTUnrd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":146,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ad2d1355a204bcbae724b0dc07ceb1b","width":248},"text":"","id":"QugUdOeOOoC8yAxzSjzcPmdenp5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[θ][ð]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoGUd4UcUoS2eSxig5ac7Oh0nPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"上下齿轻咬舌头，发音时能看到你的舌头露出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YesIdOoy4oEWmax6YWXcvXUSn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":125,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fb45b894066748d99889cbe3cbcf925d","width":239},"text":"","id":"XM0idmGoWosKc0xkOwdckSZZnUx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ʃ]=不发音的“诗” [ʒ]= “日”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BC0IdUyW4oiyGqxMzvxcAjzpnIg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":144,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"辅音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8f6dc95aeda44ba960be5c6b0ae01ba","width":278},"text":"","id":"DSW8dw0eQoyYAIx87UScLiJbnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[r]=撅嘴＋卷舌的“热” [h]=不发音＋舌头平放的“喝”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMsYdguS0osqikxYJjncCMxjnie"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QYkOdgowEo6mSExYBRPc5wiznOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[m] 合嘴","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LeSWdaaQkouGaMxKWxWcL08ense"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[n] 舌前部抵住上颚","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmKIdKGsiooa6ix6RbecaOExnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ŋ] 嘴巴张开","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xcusd4giYokcyGxKw8JccJM3nxd"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6809d9fd4d604c999772a6441dca8739","width":157},"text":"","id":"HEw2dqIAYoysEoxiySQcHndjnud"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fa595b78ba94c89aadb1b2da94aaa69","width":157},"text":"","id":"CiAOdC6iooIYUEx0Yq6cvTGhnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"鼻音","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5675b8cf0d67465db9106dd349b765ab","width":165},"text":"","id":"ICYydaeeyosCAQxq6mDcf2cJnvb"}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舌侧音[l]","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IM4QdgE82oU0wAxkvaac1cYYnPd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"元音前：跟拼音“l”发音一致元音后：发“l”的前半段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAW4dyoO6ouEMwxU9DycGSVfnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半元音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYiUdiuoAoc0SkxJxQ7cKyODnHH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[j] “也”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MiEYdKWOGoYoCsxaALDcfRxtn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[w] =圆唇噘嘴的“我”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eakqd8i8gomqCCx0C5ScvszAn3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"破擦音","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWgEdOqSCo2cwaxgnVNcniofnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tʃ]= 不发声的“吃”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QUISdIOmYo8CAEx2xyfcxw1EnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dʒ]= “居”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XGoQdUkewoOKqwxg1NmcNvosncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[ts]=不发声的“次”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8K6ducAkoeSccxsVFec10Icnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dz]=“子”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V2CSdAm0ioYYcqxADoecjOXUn5T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[tr] 先发“t”，在发“r”，最后结合在一起","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PMwOdSKYsoO6yyxKW0vcyzhxnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"[dr] 同上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqcCdaYuSosyuIx02oycX1iwnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"词汇拼读","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I0GedsKk0oUgoOxuyXccgX1vnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、规划拼读任务，拿出单词书或课本词汇表，找只含1~2个音节的单词拼读，20个为一组，每天练习3组，当然如果有时间，多进行几组也OK，加强效果。后期难度逐渐加大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YiK6dkyMqoE6KYxcZFecaO2Onic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、输入法识别词汇，每拼读一个词汇，都对着X飞输入法的语音识别功能朗读，看能否被输入法识别出单词，用机器来检测是否读的准确。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F82MdiS0OoEyEyxk1SicCu6vnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、听词汇跟读，不管输入法识别出单词，还是没识别出单词，都要查手机字典，来听一遍听力，并跟读，模仿语调和轻重读音。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GcOsd4I80oaSsExCYAecvtgonmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如：Cash driver apartment money breakfast lawyer agency ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAkYd6KyoosOe8xyaEycPumwn0d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig8edugQyogYa8xmCTpcTKcgnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、国际音标，一共48个，每天学4个，12天学完，元音和辅音每天各学习两个。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kk6IdUSM0omgecxaQbkcSsZsnve"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、学完以后结合和音标相关的单词，每天坚持读一个小时，第二天要把第一天的一块儿读，第三天要把前两天的一块儿读，依次类推，坚持学完所有的音标，就可以读字典上任何一个单词。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QG6sdm2M4o68ouxYDuzcFDxhn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、长期坚持下去，会发现其实很多字母和音标有着关联，比如ph都发音标f的音，字母u发尖a的音，类似的规律，当大家坚持下来以后会发现很多，同时你甚至可以听到单词的发音就能把单词拼出来，直接就把背单词的问题解决了，音标会读，单词会读，单词会背，听力当然也不再是问题。自己总结出来的规律说明真的学会了，同时自己得出来的结论要比老师直接告诉你印象更深刻，同时最重要的是用起来更容易。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Km8odoYG4omMG2xQjwvctwuOn8e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XS6WduK8gocSyQxwpyYc32mDnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、了解发音要领，模仿老师口型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QaWwde6UQoWyyox8b3Yc0PnGngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习语音，一定要注意口型，并仔细揣摩每个音标的发音要领，特别是相似音标的发音区别。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jii2diISEoMkQixoveicLaPdn7b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"零基础学员不要以为盯着老师的口型就好了，其实发音很多都是内部器官看不到的， 所以需要老师正确的发音示范，跟着老师一起读，然后再加上老师给的一些技巧，继续跟读，老师感觉哪有问题，再帮着纠正，这样一系列过程才是练成标准发音的秘籍。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pow0deEogocwqexqKJOchO9Qnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 单词拼读实战，一对一纠正错误","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KqAmdu0E4oWkkExaukOcf14rnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"养成一口纯正口语最重要的还是练习练习再练习，单词拼读实战训练，巩固你的发音。不断读，不断纠正，训练单个音标到训练多个单词，在学习语音的过程中，再掌握一些基础的词汇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B0cyd2a4kowyACxM4E2cCki4nsi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、辩音练习，纠正错误，掌握发音规律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQWQdmkKmoYcqyxsrTAcvvH8nhy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"训练难度会随着课程的深入不断加强，但还是训练相同的内容，一节课很多类似的训练内容。音标中很多类似的发音，将相似音放在一起对比再练习，舌头和耳朵在这很重要。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyKYdA4oIoQC8exa2vjcYOc1nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4aGdqMEMoO2AGxkzAkcWRvAnHd"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E